• Mathematics

    The book of nature is written in the language of Mathematic. -Galileo

  • Physics

    We live in a universe that responds to what we believe. -Corbin Henry

  • Chemistry

    We define organic chemistry as the chemistry of carbon compounds. -August Kekule

  • Astronomy

    The universe is like a safe to which there is a combination, but the combination is locked up in the safe. –Peter de Vries

  • Engineering

    There’s nothing I believe in more strongly than getting young people interested in science and engineering, for a better tomorrow, for all humankind. -Bill Nye

10 Rules for a Rich Life

By  at June 24, 2019    1 comment
1. A rich life means you can spend extravagantly on the things you love as long as you cut costs mercilessly on the thing you don't

2. Focus on the Big Wins-the five to ten things that get you disproportionate results, including automating your saving and investing, finding a job you love, and negotiating your salary. Get the Big Wins right and you can order as many lattes as you want.

3. Investing should be very boring-and profitable-over the long term. I get more excited eating tacos than checking my investment returns.

4. There's a limit to how much you can cut, but no limit to how much you can earn. I have readers who earn $50,00/year and ones who earn $750,000/year. They both buy the same loaves of bread. Controlling spending is important, but your earnings become super-linear.

5. Your friends and family will have lots of "tips" once you begin your financial journey. Listen politely, then stick to the program.

6. Build a collection of "spending frameworks" to use when deciding on buying something. Most people default to restrictive rules ("I need to cut back on eating out..."), but you can flip it and decide what you will always spend on. If you are thinking about buying a book just buy it. Don't waste even five second debating it. Applying even one new idea from a book is worth it.

7. Beware of the endless search for "advanced" tips. So many people seek out high-level answers to avoid the real, hard work of improving step by step. It's easier to dream about winning the Boston Marathon than to go out for a ten-minute job every morning. Sometime the most advanced thing you can do is the basics, consistently.

8. You're in control. This is not a Disney movie and nobody's coming to rescue you. Fortunately, you can take control of your finances and build your rich life.

9. Part of creating your rich live is the willingness to be unapologetically different. Once money is not a primary constraint, you will have the freedom to design your own rich life, which will almost certainly be different from the average person's. Embrace it. This is the fun part!

10 Live life outside the spreadsheet. Once you automate your money, you will see that the most important part of a rich life is outside the spreadsheet-it involves relationships, new experiences, and giving back.

High School AP Chemistry

By  at June 22, 2019    No comments

Free Science Magazine Subscription

By  at June 18, 2019    No comments

The Scientist is a website that offer free information about Biology and life science. They offer free magazine to subscriber. You can sign up to receive two type of magazine, the digital which is sent directly to your email or you can sign up to get the printed copy sent to your address. I used to website to learn new things about Biology. 

Click Here to visit their website.

Finviz - Free Stock Screener

By  at June 18, 2019    No comments
finviz stock screener

With this stock screener you can screen stock using a wide variety of fundamental, technical, and descriptive metrics. The screener will also provide charts, quotes, and other useful information once you've drilled down and come up with results that are worth further exploration. I use this to search for high paid dividend stocks and how well a company is doing before I invest.

Click Here to use Finviz

What is the difference between debt and equity funding

By  at June 17, 2019    No comments

A bank these days can lend up to 80% of the total cost of the project (land + permits + construction + sales). This means in order to make a project possible a developer only needs to come up with 20% of the money required themselves, with the rest being borrowed.

A good project needs to deliver at least a 20% profit on the total money invested in the project. However, out of the total money invested only 20% is equity and the rest is being borrowed. Let's say we have a 12-month project which cost $100 and generated a profit of $20. Out of the $100 investment, only $20 was equity by the developer and the rest $80 was lent by the bank at 5%. 

So out of the $20 profit, $4 goes to the bank as interest on its $80 at 5%. And the remaining $16 goes to the developer for his $20 investment. This is an 80% return on equity in one year. Not bad at all! If the project was two years long then the yearly equity return would be 40%. For a 4 year project, this would be 20%. The annual return on equity is also called Internal Rate of Return or IRR.

Understanding Basic Electronics

By  at June 14, 2019    No comments

Understanding Modern Electronics

By  at June 14, 2019    No comments

Biology - Science of Life

By  at June 11, 2019    No comments

1. The Scope of Life

2. More on the Origin of Life

3. The Organism and the Cell

4. Proteins-How Things Get Done in the Cell

5. Which Molecule Holds the Code

6. The Double Helix

7. The Nuts and Bolts of Replicating DNA

8. The Central Dogma

9. The Genetic Code

10. From DNA to RNA

11. From RNA to Protein

12. When Mistakes Happen

13. Dividing DNA Between Dividing Cells

14. Mendel and His Pea Plants

15. How Sex Leads to Variation

16. Genes and Chromosomes

17. Charles Darwin and The Origin of Species

18. Natural Selection in Action

19. Reconciling Darwin and Mendel

20. Mechanisms of Evolutionary Change

21. What Are Species and How Do New Ones Arise

22. More on the Origin of New Species

23. Reconstructing Evolution

24. The History of Life, Revisited

25. From Cells to Organisms

26. Control of Gene Expression 1

27. Control of Gene Expression 2

28. Getting Proteins to the Right Place

29. Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

30. How Cells Talk-Signals and Receptors

31. How Cells Talk-Ways That Cell Respond

32. From One Cell to Many in an Organism

33. Patterns of Early Development

34. Determination of Differentiation

35. Induction and Pattern Formation

36. Genes and Development

37. Homeostasis

38. Hormones in Animals

39. What is Special about Neurons

40. Action Potentials and Synapses

41. Synaptic Integration and Memory

42. Sensory Function

43. How Muscles Work

44. The innate Immune System

45. The Acquired Immune System

46. Form and Function in Plants 1

47. Form and Function in Plants 2

48. Behavior as an Adaptive Trait

49. Energy and Resources in Living Systems

50. How Energy is Harnessed by Cells

51. Enzymes-Making Chemistry Work in Cells

52. Cellular Currencies of Energy

53. Making ATP-Glycolysis

54. Making ATP-Cellular Respiration

55. Making ATP-The Chemiosmotic Theory

56. Capturing Energy from Sunlight

57. The Reactions of Photosynthesis

58. Resources and Life Histories

59. The Structure of Populations

60. Population Growth

61. What Limits Population Growth

62. Costs and Benefits of Behavior

63. Altruism and Mate Selection

64. Ecological Interactions Among Species

65. Predators and Competitors

66. Competition and the Ecological Niche

67. Energy in Ecosystems

68. Nutrients in Ecosystems

69. How Predictable Are Ecological Communities

70. Biogeography

71. Human Population Growth

72. The Human Asteroid

How Tax Works

By  at June 05, 2019    No comments
Taxation is the main way in which governments raise revenue needed to pay for public spending. Governments may tax the public directly (for instance, through income tax) or indirectly (via VAT for example). 

How it works

Governments have the unique privilege of being able to demand that anyone in their country pay taxes. These can be divided into "direct" taxes, which are paid from earnings, either by people or institutions, and "indirect" taxes, which are paid for out of consumer spending. Taxes can be levied as a share of spending or income, or as a flat rate. A progressive tax system is one in which richer individuals pay proportionately more tax. Questions surrounding the level of taxation are hotly debated. As a result levels of taxation, and laws about who or what pays for which taxes, vary significantly from country to country.

Taxes and behavior

Some taxes are designed to reduce the amount of revenue that goods earn. Because a newly-levied or increased tax on a product puts up its price, that item becomes less attractive to buy. Where a product is harmful, higher taxes such as on cigarettes can be a way to reduce public consumption. In cases where consumer behavior does not alter much in response to higher pricing, however, the extra tax is likely to raise much more money. This can make some taxes very appealing for governments looking for revenues. 

Direct and indirect taxes

People have to pay taxes on either their income, or on what they spend. Some typical taxes on an individual in the US are shown below.


Need to know

> Tax return: A document used by individuals and businesses to record income.

> Tax rate: The amount at which an individual or a company is taxed; rates vary according to a person's income or a company's returns.

> International agreements: Contracts that act as a restraint on taxation, such as in stopping import duties from being levied.

Tax evasion and avoidance

Because tax systems vary so widely from country to country, it is possible to exploit the differences in international tax rates in order to reduce the total amount of tax due. This is termed tax "evasion" when it is done illegally, and tax "avoidance" when performed legally, although in practice the boundaries between the two are blurred. Some jurisdictions deliberately set very low tax rates to attract investment; some also provide secrecy around the identity of those investing there. This has led to accusations that such areas are acting as "tax havens." This means that, instead of providing a legitimate location for economic activity, they are allowing major corporations and the very wealthy to avoid paying taxes they should be paying.

Governments and money

By  at June 04, 2019    No comments

A country's government and central bank play a key role in the circulation of money in the economy. They monitor money supply, send funding to key sectors of society, and ensure that cash flows back to them for state spending.

How it works

A healthy economy requires a good money supply. Although it is difficult to control the supply of money directly, government monetary policy can help to influence it. The most important institution in monetary policy is the central bank, which is critical in determining interest rates and can be used to inject more money into the economy via open market operations or through quantitative easing. Governments may also control the flow of money via taxes and other capital controls, and by restricting borrowing and lending. However, these mechanisms are imperfect in the modern monetary system, since commercial banks are largely free to decide the terms of their lending. Attempts to directly control money supply tend to fail.

Money supply and a healthy economy

As a healthy body depends on a good blood supply to receive nutrients, so a healthy economy requires a good money supply to keep the cycle of spending going: as one person spends, another earns, then spends, and so on. If this cycle slows, the economy may begin to decline. The government, via the central bank-which is like the beating heart of the economy-helps to keep money flowing. Meanwhile, the government also ensures that funding reaches key areas of society, while collecting revenues for state spending. Economic policies around interest rates, reserve ratios, open market operations, and quantitative easing are all focused on maintaining money supply. A body may have optimal blood supply, but it is down to the cells to effectively utilize the nutrients. In the same way, while a government can improve money supply, economic growth then depends on how effectively individuals and businesses are able to convert this money into useful goods and services to raise living standards.

Need to Know

> Money supply: The total amount of money circulating in a country, from currency to less liquid forms.

 > Central bank: An institution that provides financial services to the government and commercial banks, implements monetary policies, sets interest rates, and controls money supply.

 > Currency in circulation: Money that is physically used to conduct transactions between customers and businesses.

 The case for independent central bank

Many central banks were made independent of the government in the early 2000s, although they are still required to be both transparent and accountable. The 2008 crash led some to question whether independent banks are desirable.

Pros Cons
> Monetary policy can be more
impartial as banks have no interest in maintaining electoral popularity.

> As they are unaffected by the electoral cycle they can plan and implement long-term policies.

> Independent banks have tended to maintain lower rates of inflation.
> Unelected bank cannot be voted out, arguably making  them less accountable.


> Central bank controls may not be enough to avert financial crises without government aid.

> Governments may blame banks for recessions, so eroding trust.

Understanding Shares

By  at June 04, 2019    No comments
Shares are units of ownership interest in a corporation that are available for investors to buy or sell. Companies create shares in order to raise capital, which they can invest to grow their business.

How It Works

Shareholders are investors who buy the shares a company creates, and who therefore own a part of the company. When shareholders buy a share, it is usually an "ordinary share" or "common share," which means that they can vote in the election of the company's executive team approve or vote against new share issues and other money raising activities, and in some cases receive payouts known as dividends. Shareholders are entered on the company's shareholder register, which is a list of all the investors who hold a stake in it. Investors buy shares for capital growth (holding to underlying value or price of the shares will rise, and for income if the shares pay dividends. Share price rise and fall based on a company's financial performance, general economic news, and market sentiment-how investors feel about a company or the wider economy. If a share price fluctuates in a short space time it is said to be volatile. If one company's share price is volatile it can indicate investor worries about that company; if volatility affects all share prices it can indicate instability in entire markets.

Need To Know

> Listed A share that appears on the register (list) of the stock exchange on which it is being traded (bought or sold).

> Quote The most recent price at which a share has been traded. Stock exchanges are now all electronic, and prices can be seen changing minute by minute during the course of the day.

> Stocks "Stocks" describes the ownership of shares in general. "Shares" refers to the ownership of shares in a particular company.

Issuing Shares

Companies issues shares when they need money to invest or pay off costs. When an investor buys a share, they become a shareholder and own a small part of the company.

Understanding Shares

1. Once shares have been issued they can then be traded on the stock market.

2. The price of a share favored by investors tend to rise; if investors lose confidence, the price tends to fall.

3. If a company does well, shareholders share in the returns. This is what makes buying share so exciting to investors.

4. Shareholders buy part of a company. If share values fall, there is no guarantee that they will get their money back.

5. If a company goes bust, shareholders will probably lose most or all of their initial capital.

6. If a company fails, shareholders lose their investment but they are not responsible for a company's debts.